Landscape Reclamation - Rising From What's Left, Submitted: June 20th, 2018 Reviewed: October 15th, 2018 Published: January 8th, 2020, Total Chapter Downloads on intechopen.com. It is a strategy for protecting or restoring the function, structure and species composition of an ecosystem while providing for its sustainable socioeconomic use. Chapter 6Reclamation Methods6.1 DRY METHOD6.2 HYDRAULIC RECLAMATION METHOD6.3 REHANDLING FROM A REHANDLING PIT6.4 HYDRAULIC FILLING6.5 SAND SPREADING6.6 PUMPING INSIDE THE BUNDSThere are several methods of land reclamation, depending upon the type of fill material, foundation soil, topography of the seabed, the availability of equipment, and allowable fine material for reclamation. by Revolva ( m ): 1:58pm On Jul 18 , 2020 Succession: this is the replacement of a particular land use with another land use. Luloff, James By Jamilah Mohd Salim, Maizatul Azwa Radzi, Sheriza M IntechOpen Limited Increased turbidity leads to the blockage of light beyond water surface, thus hampering photosynthetic activities below the water surface such as the benthic region. Shrimp farming in particular has resulted to the conversion of large areas of mangroves. Land reclamation is gradually posing negative impact on man due to unplanned urbanization. Introductory Chapter: Landscape Reclamation as a K Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria. Decrease in water level affect intertidal level especially when areas along the shore receive no water supply and become dry. The scouring of the river bottom crushes and destroys a lot of organisms such as shell and non-shell fish community in that location. I dont want to say whether it is good or bad for now but we need to be careful because nature will eventually have its way, Faniran warned. Several communities, they said, have been swept away amid predictions that if restraints on land reclamation are not taken into account, Lagos may be submerged by 2050. The reclamation land which is in two phases is located on a reclaimed land of over 100 hectares. Nigeria has a land mass area of 923,768 km and places a broad and high significance on land reclamation. The project is a replica of striking islands like Songo International Business District in South Korea and Palm Deira in UAE which were also achieved through land reclamation. The average temperature in Nigeria is 28 degrees Celsius or 82.4 degrees Fahrenheit. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprising. A field observation made indicates that seeds at the end of the sand filled area had better growth than seeds at the mouth of the entrance of the balkanized sand. Despite the negative consequences of coastal land reclamation to aquatic species, it can add some economic value if used for non-intrusive agricultural activities. Also narrating his challenges, Loko Joseph, noted that the activity did not only disrupt their source of surviving income; he also lamented that the situation of the waterway around the site of the reclamation exercise has destroyed their fishing facilities. A conceptualized reclamation pattern in coastal communities in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Land reclamation in the Niger Delta passes through five phases, which in all ramifications affect the environment. They stand to benefit from future developments in the axis. It is noteworthy that Songo International Business District also in South Korea which is reputed to be the largest private development in the country is built on a reclaimed land in the area of Incheon waterfront. Nearly one in six Africans is a Nigerian. Examples of artificial islands in Nigeria include Banana Island, Ikoyi, Lagos, Gracefield Island, Lekki, Lagos, The Eko Atlantic, Victoria Island, and Lagos. Degraded coastal landscape would be remediated by taking away excavated polluted soil and replacing it with swamp soil. Through the use of police power they acquire and take over mangrove forest they bulldoze the forest, dredge and sand fill the site, which they allow to lie fallow for some years or reinforce and develop immediately. The felling of trees and the uprooting of their stumps leads to soil fragmentation. Changes in river channel via canalization or dredging changes the river system by increasing the length and breadth of the river which affects the flow dynamics and hydrology of the river [3]. In July 2000, Nigeria's population was estimated at more than 123 million people. Advertisement The tender for the. Reclamation is carried out by both government and private developers. Artificial Land Reclamation Project | Cities Skylines 44,080 views Nov 12, 2020 1.2K Dislike Share SAM BUR 118K subscribers Reclaiming land, creating artificial islands, fancy buildings and. It also involves the establishment of well heads and booth camps. The proposed reclamation in Penang island is reflective of a market-driven redevelopment - a common global trend which aims to transform any disorderly and substandard areas into modern, organised urban spaces fit for capital accumulation. Surrounding areas of the swamps are usually dredged and sand-filled to enable it to support the mounting of crude oil well head and the laying of pipelines (Figure 5). Answer this How? By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprisingresidential, industrial, commercial, transportation and other use had experienced tremendous increase from 85.4 square kilometres (43.36per cent) to 111.9 square kilometres (56.8per cent). Abia (state) Aba Arochukwu Umuahia Adamawa (state) Jimeta Mubi Numan Yola Akwa Ibom (state) Ikot Abasi Ikot Ekpene Oron Uyo Anambra (state) Awka Onitsha Bauchi (state) Azare Bauchi Jamaare Katagum The region is predominantly lowland that stretches northward along both banks of Rivers Niger and Benue from the coast. Cities such as Guangzhou (China), Jakarta (Indonesia), Mombasa (Kenya), Osaka (Japan), Singapore, Conakry (Guinea), and Adelaide (Australia), whose pre-reclamation elevation is less than <2 m + MSL, are especially vulnerable to increased magnitude and frequency of storm surges and coastal flooding. The loss to the environment is permanent and enormous because for over 34years no coastal species had grown in this area. Water can be drained from shallow areas, or the bed raised, making the land available for development. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. Undoubtedly it would be technically possible to reclaim much, possible most of the Wash, but there are a couple of obstacles. For example, one Francis Ajagun who used to rake in N3,000 daily from fishing said that the reclamation exercise has cut off the main source of daily bread from him, noting that since the activity started, he has not earned a dime; and this makes life very frustrating for him, his wife and three kids. So, some observers are of the view that the recent flooding that are now common in these areas are not unconnected to the ongoing massive land reclamation. The provisions of the EIA Act No. A future gas plant is to be located at the beach adjacent to Edko Town in the eastern part of Abu Qir Bay. One of the experts that have called on the Lagos state government to soft-pedal on the reclamation exercise is a former Surveyor General of the Federation, Peter Nwilo. The Missouri Department of Natural Resources is the administrative authority working through the Missouri Mining Commission. Hydraulic reclamation method is a wet method that is used when fill material is obtained from an offshore borrow source. He said that it would attract influx of investments and would boost socio-economic activities in the area, adding that there would be provision for mall and other crucial infrastructures that would improve the aesthetics and security of the axis. Invasion: this is as a result of the migration of people into coastal communities in search of new technologies that provide job opportunities. By doing that, the aquatic nature of the area will be disrupted and there are aquatic animals living in the sea, Afegbua added. Licensee IntechOpen. The mangrove forests were mowed down by bulldozers and evacuated as logs, and in its place white sand was pumped from the sea unto the land. Presence of sediments leads to the gradual formation of terrestrial areas, which becomes the habitat for plants. This further denigrates the soil structure and converts the aquatic environment to marshy environment. You have entered an incorrect email address! For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. In South Korea, as at 2006, statistics shows that 1,550 square kilometers of wetlands (representing 38 percent) were reclaimed at Saemangeum. Land reclamation is also known as land fill, it is the process of creating new land from ocean, riverbeds or lake beds. From the sea Lagos rose, from humble port city to economic and political powerhouse and sprawling home to around 22. Thus in other to expand the land area to accommodate the industrial complex, surrounding creeks were mowed down; sand filled and solidifies to build offices and apartments for workers. This situation had led to the loss of many species. Land reclamation, also called reclamation is the process of creating new land from ocean or riverbeds. But a land or coastal area that has been plundered and polluted may loss its economic value [2]. The Atlantic City was built by dredging up and filling in 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) worth of land. Probably half of The Netherlands is a reclaimed land from the sea. Luloff, James C. Finley and Donald G. Hodges. The aim of acquiring land varies, but is mainly for possession and or production of goods and services to satisfy socio-economic and socio-cultural needs. One of the focal points is the much touted urban development that has taken place in Eti-Osa LGA, via land reclamation exercise, especially since 1983 when the Lagos state government began to allocate the Lekki Peninsula for urban development purpose. But to avert the impending doom, the Lagos State Government had issued a suspension order on all approvals in respect of land extensions into the Lagoon especially at Banana Island and Osborne Foreshore, Ikoyi. 1. Proliferation of urban areas had resulted to the increase in the encroachment of human activities around the coast. You set a kind of disequilibrium in the environment. This is because the adventitious roots of the mangrove forest serve as tidal breaks. 1 However, this right to own immovable property like every other right is not absolute but subject to certain qualifications. Dredged and sand filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. Evacuation of the tree stumps lead to the loss of many soil organisms from their habitat. Jakarta, the fastest sinking city in the world, made a plan in 2014 to tackle rising sea levels and subsidence. Diamond Island is also seen as a cradle of commercial activities because the plots of lands there are available and meant for commercial, industrial and also residential activities. Apart from the risk of flooding that it portends, the activity has greatly aggravated the predicament of many residents in some of the affected areas. It is often considered in places that are densely populated and flat land is scarce. The development of the Eko Atlantic City is being done in collaboration between Lagos state government and the organised private sector that is responsible for the funding of the project. It is the forceful or legal takeover of coastal area by individuals or government officials. So, they use a quote in the Bible which says a man has been given dominion status to justify the claim. The presence of mangroves along the coast stabilizes and reinforces the soil against erosion. Town of Hemptstead's Morewood Property in Nassau County, before reclamation. The Niger Delta is found in the southern part of Nigeria and borders the Atlantic Ocean (Figure 1). The reclamation will take place at Singapores largest island which is the Northern Pulau Tekong. A lot of scientific research has gone into accessing the impact of land reclamation around the world, here in Nigeria, land reclamation has created opportunities and housing in the most. Changes in land form lead to changes in the biogeography of the area. Coastal area is in serious danger from land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Together the system of management is called ecosystem management, which is a way of managing reserve to benefit biodiversity and people. It is a regular progress or change by plant and animal due to natural or anthropogenic disturbances. Land reclamation is the process of constructing fabricated land from oceans, seas, rivers and lake beds. Over population is a major factor that had led to the extension of cities beyond coastal limits. It is business on the part of those doing it because poor people dont benefit from the houses being built on the reclaimed land. Regrettably, the space of public opinion can be overtly toxic to the point that cynics, mischief-makers and political opportunist ride overboard. 86 of 1992 govern the EIA process in Nigeria. Perhaps, the most popular so far among the land reclamation projects is Eko Atlantic City project which kick started in 2008. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. Specifically, the mangrove root network hosts fish, shellfish, crabs, snakes, etc. What is happening in Lagos should not be different. Thus mangroves are natural land reclaimers. Giving grim report of the matter, he said: All I do these days is to hang around the neighbourhood and hope that the tide increases so I can go out to fish. Landscape reclamation is intended for urban city expansion, road construction, housing project, crude oil exploration and sand mining.
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